LO3

• During the Neolithic age, the people of the Nile had moved toward civilization in responses in response to the same influences that gave rise to the cities of Sumer
• Old kingdom ( 2695- 2160 B.C) and middle kingdom (2025- 1786 B.C)
• expansion of Egyptian control during new kingdom (1550-1075 B.C)
• The Narmer Palette was used for grinding makeup for divine images in an upper Egyptian temple in about 3100 B.C
• Egyptian civilization grew up in a thin strip of fertile land where the Nile crosses the North African dessert
• Egypt stretches along the lower reaches of the Nile's four thousand mile course from Central Africa to the Mediterranean sea.
• pharaohs- the rulers of ancient Egypt
• as a god every pharaoh was identified in different ways with three identities. of birth he was the sum god Re, the king of all gods. at his succession he became the incarnation of Horus god of the sky. when he died he became Osiris pharaoh of the underworld.
• The great sphinx is a famous monument carved out of solid rock in the royal burial area at Giza
• Hatshepsut ruled as king after 1500 B.C
• Gods, humans, and everlasting life
• THE SOUL DECLARES ITS INNOCENCE- by about 2000 B.C the judgment of the soul after death and eternal life for those judged righteous became widely accepted believe.
• Hiero- glyphs (Greek meaning secret carving) the earliest Egyptian writing was devised about 3100 B.C as a part of carvings and paintings intended to honor the pharaohs.
• pyramid- A massive structure with sloping sides that met at an apex, used as a royal tomb in ancient Egypt
• Isis God of souls
• king Menkaure and his queen and in 2500 B.C she has her arm around him because  it was typically for women to testify the power of upper class women
• the pharaohs of the middle kingdom rose to this challenge and poured the spoils of their conquests into building magnificent new temples. finally, however, internal conflict was renewed about 1800 B.C Semitic immigrants tribes known as the Hyksos were able to move into Lower Egypt and the middle kingdom came to an end.
• "I crushed a million countries by myself, on victory-in-Thebes, mut-is-pleased, my horses"- a scene from the battle of Qadesh in Syria (1274 B.C) as described by the new kingdom pharaoh Ramses II.